Ancestry.com

Using DNA To Trace Michelle Obama’s Past

Posted by Nick Cifuentes on July 16, 2012 in Stories

First Lady Michelle Obama always suspected that she had white ancestors. But she had no idea who they were. With DNA testing and research, I was able to solve that mystery and finally identify the white forbears who had remained hidden in her family tree for more than a century.

All across the country, growing numbers of people are turning to DNA testing as a tool to help unlock the secrets of their roots, using companies such as ancestry.com, among others. When I started researching my new book, “American Tapestry: The Story of the Black, White and Multiracial Ancestors of Michelle Obama,’’ I pored over historical documents that I found in local archives, courthouses and libraries as well as records that I found online on ancestry.com and other state and local databases. But I knew that DNA testing would be the only way to unearth the truth.

I suspected that Mrs. Obama’s white ancestors belonged to the white Shields family that had owned her great-great-great grandmother, Melvinia Shields. So I persuaded several descendants of the black and white Shields to do DNA testing.

The results showed that the two families were related. The DNA testing indicated that Melvinia’s owner’s son was the likely father of Melvinia’s biracial child, Dolphus Shields. (Dolphus Shields is the first lady’s great-great grandfather.)

This was painful news for many of the Shields descendants. They knew that that Melvinia might have been raped and that their kinship originated during slavery, one of the darkest chapters of our history.

But last month, members of both sides of the family – black and white — put aside the pain of the past. They got together for the very first time in Rex, Georgia at a ceremony to commemorate Melvinia’s life. They swapped family stories, posed for photographs, exchanged phone numbers and had a meal together.

It was something to see.

David Applin, who is Melvinia’s great-grandson, said the reunion was “wonderful.” And Jarrod Shields, who is the great-great-great grandson of Melvinia’s owner, described it as a day “my family will never forget.”

 

This story was contributed by guest blog author Rachel L. Swarns

Rachel L. Swarns has been a reporter for the New York Times since 1995. She has written about domestic policy and national politics, reporting on immigration, the presidential campaigns of 2004 and 2008, and First Lady Michelle Obama and her role in the Obama White House. She has also worked overseas for the New York Times, reporting from Russia, Cuba, and southern Africa, where she served as the Johannesburg bureau chief. She lives in Washington, D.C., with her husband and two children.

 

16 comments

Comments
1 AdrienneJuly 16, 2012 at 5:27 pm

I love this story. It is so heart-warming. I’m so happy for Michelle Obama. However, as someone who KNOWS there are white relatives in my own family, even has a suspected family in question and has taken the new AncestryDNA test – it’s far more difficult than saying, “sign up for the test and make an amazing discovery!”

I’m very happy to have taken the test as a Beta tester, but still no amazing discoveries and no connections with any of the white Ancestry.com members who have taken the test who show up under my matches. I guess time will tell.

Cheers,
Adrienne

2 Patricia BryantJuly 16, 2012 at 6:38 pm

I took the Ancestry.com DNA test and was very disappointed at the lack of information provided. The results were so broad that the information is rendered useless. If you already know of family members to test , then there is no reason to take the Ancestry.com test…

3 ReeJuly 16, 2012 at 9:05 pm

Not in any way minimizing the pain and suffering that occurred under slavery, but I have a question. You say “They knew Melvina might have been raped.” How did they know this? Or was it only a (justifiably logical) assumption? While many female slaves were raped by white slave owners (or other slaves), to put that statement out there without any evidence breaks the first rule of genealogy: don’t assume anything. While extremely rare and the exception rather than the rule by far, old diaries and oral histories have uncovered some biracial liaisons were consensual (and illegal). It’s entirely possible — even likely — that Melvina was raped, but unless that is known for certain, it’s introducing speculation as fact to say so.

4 BEEJuly 17, 2012 at 6:37 am

I enjoyed this story. I think it’s great that ancestry was able to follow the history of Michelle Obama. I don’t want to take away from her story, and since this is still about the DNA test, I don’t think it would be considered “off topic”, and might be helpful to others taking the test.
I’m going to copy what I wrote on a previous blog, because it looks like no one is checking it out any longer:
WRITTEN LAST WEEK: I got my results! Well, no real surprises. With seven locations of grandparents and great-grandparents in all corners of Poland, my results show 75% Eastern Europe – although that could have been determined just from the information on my tree.
25% Scandinavian – I suppose from various invasions, but nothing showing up from Napoleon heading to Moscow, Tatar invasions, or even the Romans wandering through now and then. Not even any German blood.
As far as 5th to 8th “cousins”, that’s a bit far-fetched, especially since none of those listed so far come anywhere near the amount of Eastern European as shown in my DNA, but interesting anyway, especially since I don’t have any male relatives to do a paternal DNA line.
I certainly hope “There’s more to come”.
ADDED TODAY: Well, I guess no one is adding to this blog, but I would like to add something to what I previously wrote just in case someone checks it out.
When I went back and looked at the list of those “5th to 8th cousins”, I realized that the first name on the list had a higher percentage of Eastern European than I did, so I looked more closely. Although there were no matches in family names,I realized that this person’s grandmother was born in the same town as my grandfather, and people with her maiden name crossed paths with people with my maiden name. I sent a message to this person, but have not received a response.
I hope I do, because I have more information to share.

5 K.DavidJuly 17, 2012 at 10:37 pm

I love this story.I’m very happy to have taken the test as a Beta tester, but still no amazing discoveries and no connections with any of the white Ancestry.com members who have taken the test who show up under my matches.

6 Latest Hot newsJuly 18, 2012 at 10:31 am

This is very fine and interesting. Michelle Obama past is past. Go ahead.

7 chocolateiceJuly 19, 2012 at 10:56 am

My great-great grandfather was a Shield from North Carolina.

8 Richard Wayne HanshawJuly 21, 2012 at 10:12 pm

I’m Just glad her and her Berry Santoro are not in my family

9 Tony KnightJuly 21, 2012 at 11:39 pm

I watched a very interesting episode of the US version of Who Do You Think You Are about an African American, footballer who was also DNA tested. The results showed just over 80% African heritage if I remember correctly and I think the DNA researcher said that it was the highest she had ever seen.

10 MsWinstonJuly 24, 2012 at 7:37 am

#8 What does your comment have to do with this interesting article?

11 Steve StevensJuly 31, 2012 at 10:44 am

I just read an article in my local newspaper that Ancestry reserachers also did DNA research on Obama and found him to ba a direct descendent of “the first slave in America.” And now we have the miraculous story of Michele being part white also. I sure wish I had these researchers working on my family, I can’t get past the 1830′s for most.

Come on, what kind of stuff are you trying to hand the public? No bonified organization would ever accept this lousy research for any application of membership for we ordinary people and you all are touting it as a wonderful discovery. I have lost all respect for Ancestry and if it weren’t for their fantastic resources (when used correctly and with due diligence)I would cancel my membership.

Bet this never sees the light!

#9 let’s see Ancestry do Obama and Davis’ DNA instead and publish that data!

Steve Stevens

12 BobbieJuly 31, 2012 at 11:11 am

I want to take the opportunity to apologize to the black race (also any other race) and ask their forgiveness for the pain and suffering that they endured at the hands of my ancestors.

13 EvelynJuly 31, 2012 at 12:05 pm

Re: #11 – you are correct. As a former Registrar for several lineage societies, I know that proper documentation is essential for acceptance. The databases in Salt Lake City, while helpful, are not acceptable because they are user supplied and not usually supported by proper documentation. Current so-called DNA evidence is based on what you are not, rather than what you are. Ancestry.com’s main usefulness lies in its extensive library of resources that are reproduced from original sources. The Family Trees on the website are seldom documented. I suspect that if true DNA testing were done on remains of ancestors – assuming you can find their remains – there would be many children who would not be their fathers’ children. But there is no way to test that, so other methods of documentation must suffice. And it is only a surmise – based on context, surrounding evidence, consistency, etc. Tracing 11 generations of acceptable and well-supported documentation for a person is extremely difficult these days, even for people whose ancestors wrote everything down. In this particular case, I sincerely doubt that much was documented.

14 Margaret AdamsJuly 31, 2012 at 1:50 pm

In the 10+ years that I have been researching my family history, I cannot fathom any reputable, professional genealogist making the assumptions this person has without documentation. This must be the same guy that was on CNN this morning touting the President’s historic slave ties, all due to DNA testing with little documentation. As anyone who has looked at past history, we cannot judge by current PC standards what happened 100, 200 or 300 years ago. Passing this junk genealogy off as “gospel” serves no useful purpose other than to hawk this guy’s book! I’m really disappointed that ancestry has sunk so low to get new subscribers.

15 Nancy Siddons-DanielsAugust 16, 2012 at 5:51 pm

I am rather taken aback by the comments regarding Nick Cifuentes’ posting of “Using DNA To Trace Michelle Obama’s Past.” It is quite apparent that the majority of comments came from people who have not read Rachel Swarns’ book “American Tapestry.” I have read the book, and while I initially expected to find fault with it, I was actually very pleased and appreciative of the way Ms. Swarns handled the subject matter, the history, the documentation, and the story. She is a wonderful writer, capable of taking raw stats and research and creating a story that helps people understand the very complex issues of whites and blacks during the highly volatile years of slavery – even up to present day. This is NOT a story about DNA, it is a story about understanding our history better in regard to the subject of slavery and the treatment of blacks throughout U.S. history. I learned a great deal, as well as garnered helpful research tips on researching genealogy for Americans of African descent.

I totally relate and agree with Evelyn (#13); nothing takes the place of documentation, i.e., vital records, birth/marriage/death certificates, land records, etc. It is important that lineage organizations maintain strict guidelines on the subject; however, DNA testing can and will indicate whether a person is related to another person genetically, even if they are separated by many generations. If it did not, then our criminal investigation forces and our legal system, which use DNA testing for paternity cases, immigration issues, adoption questions, etc., wouldn’t have a legal leg to stand on. DNA is accurate, it is not junk. It is not for all cases, but it can certainly offer a great deal of information regarding familial relationships, genetic diseases, forensics, ethnicity, etc.

People need to understand that “American Tapestry” does not tout DNA testing over research and documentation. The “Notes” and “Bibliography” section of the book are huge with document resources. In fact, the subject of DNA testing is only mentioned a handful of times in regard to “Skip” Gates’ involvement with genealogy reality TV shows that use DNA testing, and also the fact that both the white and black descendants of the Shields were tested.

For blacks in this country, especially those whose ancestors were slaves, there is little or no formal documentation of their ancestors. Ms. Swarns, using historical references, news articles, state and federal statistics, etc., created a possible and even probable reality for an entire group of disenfranchised people for whom there are no records available.

Ms. Swarns is no slouch; she is a New York Times reporter. She made it very clear in her writing that she was presenting a general reality based on documented historical facts. She was always careful to make it clear that she was describing the situation of the day, not necessarily the specific situation of Michelle Obama’s individual ancestors. For the descendants of people who spent their lives in servitude, even a little insight may mitigate for the fact that they will never know for sure what their ancestors went through. “American Tapestry” does give a glimpse of what it MIGHT have been like for people who lived a lifetime of slavery. In some cases, that is the only information many descendants will ever have about their ancestors.

I will be posting a book review of “American Tapestry” on http://www.RecordClick.com, and hope that you all will keep an open mind to genealogy DNA testing, bearing in mind that it is a tried and tested research method used by law enforcement agencies.

Ancestry.com should be commended for their many avenues of genealogy research – offering alternative research resources to help solve different genealogy projects. To dismiss any one of them is taking a tool out of your genealogy research toolbox.

16 Lena SmithOctober 9, 2012 at 7:11 pm

Looking for husbands father’s ancestry

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